Applied Investment besides Efforts to Revive the Identity of Hejaz Railway in Amman Station

Most of the Heritage Buildings are neglected and needs to be preserved , through maintenance , Restoration , and being  defined to the people to know their value’s and  importance , where the research  will  discuss  how Restoration of Heritage Buildings became necessary in our contemporary life , and the Approaches of  Investment that should be followed  to Increase the tourism factor in these heritage buildings , besides how to preserve the identity of these historical places  in the same level   . The research will study the heritage building between investment and  preserving  Identity by  applied analytical and descriptive approach, to find out the strategy pursued,  by how these terminology  effects  in each other and their correlations together . To achieve the aims, the case study was  about Jordan  Hejaz railway  as a life example  and then to apply  the research methodology to get the conclusions, in which these conclusions we can evaluate the current situation, from what consist, studying the strategy of their investment  besides  preserve the identity, and how it was  applied, to eventually get  the recommendations. Keywords: Heritage buildings” Landscape, Buildings, Premises”, Tourism, Investment, Identity

The Effect of Footbridges and Pedestrian Subways on the Movement System Within the Urban Planning

The footbridges and pedestrian subway are among the material components of the urban fabric, itself considered as one of the three important elements, i.e the public transportation special traffic units and pedestrian movement systems, of the transportation system in any part of the world, which will be discussed later. Any defect at the transportation systems elements would lead to ineffective transportation system with traffic jam and difficulties because of a defect between the surrounding environment and the movement system. Therefore, the present study discusses the effect of the footbridges and pedestrian subways on the movement system within the urban planning, the through the theoretical and  practical side, applied through data collection and interviews with specialists, by asking them some unified questions and distributing questionnaires to everybody who used or didn't use the bridges or subways, within the study area.In order to achieve the study's goals, some international studies and one local case were discussed, whereby the effective application of the pedestrian systems was explored, with applied examples to reach the aspired result. Then an analytical study of the case area, located from AL-Istiklal Street until Jordan University Street, was explored in order to reach conclusions, whereby the study area's footbridges and pedestrian subways situation can be assessed and how they are applied with regard to the location, shape and use. Then some recommendations were suggested by raising the necessity to activate the role of the footbridges and pedestrian subways through the correct application of the pedestrian systems locations and improving the bridges construction and architectural criteria in order to achieve smooth, comfortable and easy pedestrian systems. Keywords: Bridges, subways, urban, planning, movement and traffic systems

PANC Study (Pancreatitis: A National Cohort Study): national cohort study examining the first 30 days from presentation of acute pancreatitis in the UK

Abstract Background Acute pancreatitis is a common, yet complex, emergency surgical presentation. Multiple guidelines exist and management can vary significantly. The aim of this first UK, multicentre, prospective cohort study was to assess the variation in management of acute pancreatitis to guide resource planning and optimize treatment. Methods All patients aged greater than or equal to 18 years presenting with acute pancreatitis, as per the Atlanta criteria, from March to April 2021 were eligible for inclusion and followed up for 30 days. Anonymized data were uploaded to a secure electronic database in line with local governance approvals. Results A total of 113 hospitals contributed data on 2580 patients, with an equal sex distribution and a mean age of 57 years. The aetiology was gallstones in 50.6 per cent, with idiopathic the next most common (22.4 per cent). In addition to the 7.6 per cent with a diagnosis of chronic pancreatitis, 20.1 per cent of patients had a previous episode of acute pancreatitis. One in 20 patients were classed as having severe pancreatitis, as per the Atlanta criteria. The overall mortality rate was 2.3 per cent at 30 days, but rose to one in three in the severe group. Predictors of death included male sex, increased age, and frailty; previous acute pancreatitis and gallstones as aetiologies were protective. Smoking status and body mass index did not affect death. Conclusion Most patients presenting with acute pancreatitis have a mild, self-limiting disease. Rates of patients with idiopathic pancreatitis are high. Recurrent attacks of pancreatitis are common, but are likely to have reduced risk of death on subsequent admissions. </jats:sec